Masana kimiyyar sinadarai a fannin ilimi da masana'antu suna tattaunawa kan abin da zai ja hankali a shekara mai zuwa

Masana 6 sun yi hasashen manyan abubuwan da za su faru a shekarar 2023 a fannin ilmin sunadarai

Masana kimiyyar sinadarai a fannin ilimi da masana'antu suna tattaunawa kan abin da zai ja hankali a shekara mai zuwa

Hoto: Will Ludwig/C&EN/Shutterstock

MAHER EL-KADY, BABBAN JAMI'IN FASAHA, NANOTECH ENERGY, DA LANTARKI MAI LANTARKI, JAMI'AR CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES

Hoto: Daga Maher El-Kady

"Domin kawar da dogaro da man fetur da rage fitar da hayakin carbon, kawai mafita ta gaskiya ita ce a samar da wutar lantarki daga gidaje zuwa motoci. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, mun fuskanci manyan ci gaba a cikin haɓakawa da ƙera batura masu ƙarfi waɗanda ake sa ran za su canza yadda muke tafiya zuwa aiki da ziyartar abokai da dangi sosai. Don tabbatar da cikakken sauyi zuwa wutar lantarki, ana buƙatar ƙarin ci gaba a yawan kuzari, lokacin caji, aminci, sake amfani da wutar lantarki, da farashin kowace kilowatt awa ɗaya. Mutum zai iya tsammanin binciken batir zai ƙara ƙaruwa a shekarar 2023 tare da ƙaruwar adadin masana kimiyya da kayan aiki waɗanda ke aiki tare don taimakawa wajen sanya ƙarin motocin lantarki a kan hanya."

KLAUS LACKNER, DARAKTA, CIBIYAR HADIZA MAI KYAU, JAMI'AR JIHAR ARIZONA

Daraja: Jami'ar Jihar Arizona

"Tun daga taron muhalli na duniya da aka gudanar a watan Nuwamba a Masar, an samu ci gaba a fannin sauyin yanayi na 1.5 °C, wanda hakan ya sa aka kasa cimma matsaya a kai, wanda hakan ya jaddada bukatar kawar da hayaki mai gurbata muhalli. Saboda haka, shekarar 2023 za ta ga ci gaba a fasahar kama iska kai tsaye. Suna samar da hanyar da za a iya fadadawa wajen kawar da hayaki mai gurbata muhalli, amma suna da tsada sosai ga kula da sharar carbon. Duk da haka, kama iska kai tsaye zai iya farawa da karami kuma ya karu da yawa maimakon girma. Kamar yadda aka saba, ana iya samar da na'urorin kama iska kai tsaye. Samar da kayayyaki ya nuna raguwar farashi ta hanyar girman da aka saba. 2023 na iya bayar da hangen nesa ga wanne daga cikin fasahar da aka bayar za su iya amfani da rage farashin da ke tattare da kera kayayyaki mai gurbata muhalli."

RALPH MARQUARDT, BABBAN JAMI'IN ƘIRƘIRA, MASANA'ANTU NA EVONIK

Daraja: Evonik Industries

"Dakatar da sauyin yanayi babban aiki ne. Zai iya yin nasara ne kawai idan muka yi amfani da ƙarancin albarkatu. Tattalin arziki mai zagaye yana da mahimmanci ga wannan. Gudummawar masana'antar sinadarai ga wannan ya haɗa da kayan kirkire-kirkire, sabbin hanyoyin aiki, da ƙari waɗanda ke taimakawa wajen share hanyar sake amfani da kayayyakin da aka riga aka yi amfani da su. Suna sa sake amfani da injina ya fi inganci kuma yana ba da damar sake amfani da sinadarai masu ma'ana har ma fiye da pyrolysis na asali. Juya sharar gida zuwa kayan aiki masu mahimmanci yana buƙatar ƙwarewa daga masana'antar sinadarai. A cikin ainihin zagaye, ana sake amfani da sharar gida kuma yana zama kayan aiki masu mahimmanci don sabbin kayayyaki. Duk da haka, dole ne mu yi sauri; ana buƙatar sabbin abubuwan kirkire-kirkire yanzu don ba da damar tattalin arzikin zagaye a nan gaba."

SARAH E. O'CONNOR, DARAKTA, SASHE NA HALITTA BYOYSYNTHESIS, MAX PLANCK CITTE FOR CHEMICAL EVOLOGY

Daraja: Sebastian Reuters

"Ana amfani da dabarun '-Omics' don gano kwayoyin halitta da enzymes da ƙwayoyin cuta, fungi, shuke-shuke, da sauran halittu ke amfani da su don haɗa samfuran halitta masu rikitarwa. Sannan ana iya amfani da waɗannan kwayoyin halitta da enzymes, sau da yawa tare da hanyoyin sinadarai, don haɓaka dandamalin samar da biocatalytic masu dacewa da muhalli ga ƙwayoyin halitta marasa adadi. Yanzu za mu iya yin '-omics' akan tantanin halitta guda ɗaya. Ina hasashen cewa za mu ga yadda transcriptomics da genomics na tantanin halitta guda ɗaya ke kawo sauyi a saurin da muke samun waɗannan kwayoyin halitta da enzymes. Bugu da ƙari, metabolomics na tantanin halitta guda ɗaya yanzu yana yiwuwa, yana ba mu damar auna yawan sinadarai a cikin tantanin halitta ɗaya, yana ba mu hoto mafi daidai game da yadda tantanin halitta ke aiki a matsayin masana'antar sinadarai."

RICHMOND SARPONG, LITTAFIN CHEMIST NA HALITTA, JAMI'AR CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY

Daraja: Niki Stefanelli

"Fahimtar sarkakiyar ƙwayoyin halitta, misali yadda ake gane tsakanin sarkakiyar tsari da sauƙin haɗa su, zai ci gaba da fitowa daga ci gaban da ake samu a koyon na'ura, wanda hakan kuma zai haifar da hanzarta inganta amsawa da hasashe. Waɗannan ci gaban za su samar da sabbin hanyoyin tunani game da bambance sararin sinadarai. Hanya ɗaya ta yin hakan ita ce ta hanyar yin canje-canje ga gefen ƙwayoyin halitta, wani kuma shi ne shafar canje-canje ga tsakiyar ƙwayoyin halitta ta hanyar gyara kwarangwal na ƙwayoyin halitta. Saboda tsakiyar ƙwayoyin halitta sun ƙunshi haɗin gwiwa mai ƙarfi kamar carbon-carbon, carbon-nitrogen, da haɗin carbon-oxygen, ina ganin za mu ga ƙaruwa a yawan hanyoyin da za a bi don aiwatar da waɗannan nau'ikan haɗin gwiwa, musamman a cikin tsarin da ba a daidaita ba. Ci gaba a cikin haɓakar photoredox kuma wataƙila zai ba da gudummawa ga sabbin alƙawura a gyaran kwarangwal."

ALISON WENDLANDT, LITTAFIN CHEMIST NA HALITTA, IKWATI TA MASSACHUSETTS

Daraja: Justin Knight

"A shekarar 2023, masana kimiyyar sinadarai za su ci gaba da matsa lamba kan zaɓi. Ina tsammanin ƙarin ci gaba na hanyoyin gyara waɗanda ke ba da daidaiton matakin atom da sabbin kayan aiki don keɓance macromolecules. Ina ci gaba da samun kwarin gwiwa daga haɗakar fasahohin da ke kusa da ni a cikin kayan aikin sinadarai na halitta: kayan aikin kimiyyar bayanai na biocatalytic, electrochemical, photochemical, da kayan aikin kimiyyar bayanai masu inganci suna ƙara zama ruwan dare gama gari. Ina tsammanin hanyoyin da ake amfani da waɗannan kayan aikin za su ƙara bunƙasa, suna kawo mana sinadarai da ba mu taɓa tunanin zai yiwu ba."

Lura: An aika duk amsoshin ta imel.