Kwararru 6 sun yi hasashen manyan abubuwan da ke faruwa a ilmin sunadarai na 2023
Masanan ilimin kimiyya a cikin masana'antu da masana'antu sun tattauna abin da zai zama kanun labarai a shekara mai zuwa
Credit: Will Ludwig/C&EN/Shutterstock
MAHER EL-KADY, BABBAN JAMI'IN FASAHA, NANOTECH ENERGY, DA ELECTROCHEMIST, JAMI'AR CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES.
Credit: Maher El-Kady
“Domin kawar da dogaro da albarkatun mai da kuma rage fitar da iskar Carbon, hanya daya tilo ita ce samar da wutar lantarki daga gida zuwa motoci.A cikin ƴan shekarun da suka gabata, mun sami babban ci gaba a haɓakawa da kera batura masu ƙarfi waɗanda ake sa ran za su canza yadda muke tafiya aiki da ziyartar abokai da dangi.Don tabbatar da cikakken canji zuwa wutar lantarki, ana buƙatar ƙarin haɓakawa a cikin yawan kuzari, lokacin caji, aminci, sake yin amfani da su, da farashin kowace sa'a kilowatt.Mutum na iya tsammanin binciken baturi zai ci gaba a cikin 2023 tare da karuwar yawan masanan kimiyyar sinadarai da kayan aikin da ke aiki tare don taimakawa wajen sanya ƙarin motocin lantarki akan hanya."
KLAUS LACKNER, DARAKTA, CIBIYAR KARSHEN KARYA, JAMI'AR JAHAR ARIZONA.
Credit: Jami'ar Jihar Arizona
"Ya zuwa COP27, [taron kasa da kasa kan muhalli da aka gudanar a watan Nuwamba a Masar], maƙasudin yanayin 1.5 ° C ya zama mai wuyar gaske, yana mai da hankali kan buƙatar cire carbon.Saboda haka, 2023 zai ga ci gaba a cikin fasahar kama kai tsaye.Suna samar da hanyar da za a iya daidaitawa ga mummunan hayaƙi, amma suna da tsada sosai don sarrafa sharar carbon.Koyaya, kama iska kai tsaye na iya farawa kaɗan kuma yayi girma cikin adadi maimakon girma.Kamar fale-falen hasken rana, ana iya samar da na'urori masu ɗaukar iska kai tsaye.Samar da yawan jama'a ya nuna raguwar farashi ta umarni mai girma.2023 na iya ba da hangen nesa kan waɗanne fasahohin da aka samar za su iya cin gajiyar rage farashin da ke tattare da kera jama'a. "
RALPH MARQUARDT, BABBAN JAMI'IN INNOVATION, EVONIK INDUSTRIES
Credit: Evonik Industries
“Dakatar da sauyin yanayi babban aiki ne.Zai iya yin nasara ne kawai idan muka yi amfani da albarkatun ƙasa kaɗan.Tattalin arzikin madauwari na gaske yana da mahimmanci don wannan.Gudunmawar masana'antar sinadarai ga wannan sun haɗa da sabbin abubuwa, sabbin matakai, da ƙari waɗanda ke taimakawa share fagen sake yin amfani da samfuran da aka riga aka yi amfani da su.Suna sa sake yin amfani da injina ya fi dacewa kuma suna ba da damar sake amfani da sinadarai masu ma'ana har ma da pyrolysis na asali.Juya sharar gida zuwa kayan aiki masu mahimmanci yana buƙatar ƙwarewa daga masana'antar sinadarai.A cikin sake zagayowar gaske, sharar gida ana sake yin fa'ida kuma ta zama albarkatun ƙasa masu mahimmanci don sabbin samfura.Duk da haka, dole ne mu kasance da sauri;Ana buƙatar sabbin abubuwanmu yanzu don ba da damar tattalin arziƙin madauwari a nan gaba.”
SARAH E. O'CONNOR, Darakta, Sashen Samar da Halittu BIOSYNTHESIS, MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR CHEMICAL ECOLOGY
Credit: Sebastian Reuter
"Ana amfani da dabarun '-Omics' don gano kwayoyin halitta da enzymes da kwayoyin cuta, fungi, shuke-shuke, da sauran kwayoyin halitta suke amfani da su don hada hadaddun samfuran halitta.Ana iya amfani da waɗannan kwayoyin halitta da enzymes, sau da yawa a haɗe tare da tsarin sinadarai, don haɓaka dandamalin samar da biocatalytic masu dacewa da muhalli don ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta.Yanzu muna iya yin '-omics' akan tantanin halitta guda.Ina tsinkaya cewa za mu ga yadda kwatankwacin tantanin halitta da kwayoyin halitta ke canza saurin da muke samun wadannan kwayoyin halitta da enzymes.Haka kuma, metabolomics-cell guda yanzu yana yiwuwa, yana ba mu damar auna yawan adadin sinadarai a cikin sel guda ɗaya, yana ba mu cikakken hoto na yadda tantanin halitta ke aiki a matsayin masana'antar sinadarai."
RICHMOND SARPONG , MASANIN CHEMIST ORGANIC, JAMI'AR CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY
Credit: Niki Stefanelli
“Kyakkyawan fahimta game da sarkar kwayoyin halitta, misali yadda za a gane tsakanin hadaddun tsari da saukin hadawa, zai ci gaba da fitowa daga ci gaban da ake samu a fannin koyon na’ura, wanda kuma zai haifar da hanzari wajen inganta amsawa da hasashe.Waɗannan ci gaban za su ciyar da sababbin hanyoyin yin tunani game da bambance-bambancen sararin samaniya.Hanya ɗaya don yin hakan ita ce ta hanyar yin canje-canje ga mahallin kwayoyin halitta kuma wata ita ce ta shafi canje-canje ga ainihin kwayoyin ta hanyar gyara kwarangwal na kwayoyin.Domin ginshiƙan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin halitta sun ƙunshi ƙarfi mai ƙarfi kamar carbon-carbon, carbon-nitrogen, da carbon-oxygen bonds, na yi imani za mu ga girma a cikin adadin hanyoyin da za a iya aiwatar da waɗannan nau'ikan haɗin gwiwa, musamman a cikin tsarin marasa ƙarfi.Ci gaban photoredox catalysis shima zai iya ba da gudummawa ga sabbin kwatance a gyaran kwarangwal."
ALISON WENDLANDT, MASANIN CHEMIST KIMIYYA, MASSACHUSETTS ISITUTU OF TECHNOLOGY
Credit: Justin Knight
"A cikin 2023, masana kimiyyar kwayoyin halitta za su ci gaba da tura matsananciyar zaɓi.Ina tsammanin ci gaba da haɓaka hanyoyin gyare-gyare waɗanda ke ba da daidaitattun matakan zarra da kuma sabbin kayan aikin tela macromolecules.Ina ci gaba da samun ƙwarin gwiwa ta hanyar haɗa fasahar da ke kusa da ita sau ɗaya cikin kayan aikin sinadarai na halitta: biocatalytic, electrochemical, photochemical, da nagartaccen kayan aikin kimiyyar bayanai suna ƙara daidaita farashin farashi.Ina tsammanin hanyoyin yin amfani da waɗannan kayan aikin za su ƙara haɓaka, suna kawo mana kimiyyar sinadarai da ba mu taɓa tunanin zai yiwu ba."
Lura: An aika duk martani ta imel.
Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-07-2023