A cikin watan Agusta, masanan sunadarai sun ba da sanarwar cewa za su iya yin abin da ya daɗe yana ganin ba zai yiwu ba: rushe wasu gurɓataccen gurɓataccen yanayi mai ɗorewa.Abubuwan Per- da polyfluoroalkyl (PFAS), galibi ana kiransu sinadarai na har abada, suna taruwa a cikin mahalli da kuma jikinmu a cikin matsanancin yanayi.Dorewarsu, wanda aka samo asali a cikin haɗin gwiwar carbon-fluorine mai wuyar warwarewa, yana sa PFAS ke da amfani musamman azaman mai hana ruwa da rufin wuta da kumfa mai kashe gobara, amma yana nufin sinadarai sun dawwama tsawon ƙarni.Wasu mambobi na wannan babban nau'in mahadi an san su masu guba ne.
Tawagar, karkashin jagorancin masanin ilmin sinadarai na Jami'ar Arewa maso Yamma William Dichtel da kuma dalibin digiri na biyu Brittany Trang, sun sami rauni a cikin perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acid da kuma sinadaran GenX, wanda wani bangare ne na wani aji na PFAS.Dumama mahadi a cikin shirye-shiryen narkewa kashe rukunin acid carboxylic acid;Bugu da ƙari na sodium hydroxide yana yin sauran aikin, yana barin ions na fluoride da ƙananan kwayoyin halitta.Ana iya cimma wannan karyar haɗin gwiwar C-F mai ƙarfi a cikin 120 ° C kawai (Kimiyya 2022, DOI: 10.1126/science.abm8868).Masana kimiyya suna fatan gwada hanyar akan sauran nau'ikan PFAS.
Kafin wannan aikin, mafi kyawun dabarun gyara PFAS shine ko dai a raba mahaɗan ko kuma a rushe su a cikin matsanancin yanayin zafi ta amfani da makamashi mai yawa-wanda ba zai yi tasiri sosai ba, in ji Jennifer Faust, masanin kimiyyar sinadarai a Kwalejin Wooster."Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa wannan tsari na yanayin zafi yana da ban sha'awa sosai," in ji ta.
An yi maraba da wannan sabuwar hanyar rushewar musamman a cikin mahallin sauran binciken 2022 game da PFAS.A watan Agusta, masu bincike na Jami'ar Stockholm karkashin jagorancin Ian Cousins sun ba da rahoton cewa ruwan sama a duniya yana dauke da matakan perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) wanda ya zarce matakin shawarar Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta Amurka game da wannan sinadari a cikin ruwan sha (Environ. Sci. Technol. 2022, DOI: 10.1021) /acs.est.2c02765).Binciken ya gano manyan matakan sauran PFAS a cikin ruwan sama kuma.
"PFOA da PFOS [perfluorooctanesulfonic acid] sun daina samarwa shekaru da yawa, don haka yana nuna yadda suke dagewa," in ji Faust."Ban yi tsammanin za a yi haka ba."Aikin 'yan uwan, in ji ta, "da gaske ne ƙarshen ƙanƙara."Faust ya samo sababbin nau'ikan PFAS-waɗanda ba a kula da su akai-akai ta EPA-a cikin ruwan sama na Amurka a mafi girma fiye da waɗannan mahadi na gado (Muhalli. Sci.: Tasirin Tasirin 2022, DOI: 10.1039/d2em00349j).
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-19-2022