Hanyoyi 3 masu ban sha'awa waɗanda masu sinadarai suka gina mahadi a wannan shekara
by Bethany Halford
INGANTACCEN ENZYMES DA AKE GININ BONDON BIARYL
Tsarin yana nuna haɗin haɗin biaryl-catalyzed enzyme.
Chemists suna amfani da kwayoyin biaryl, waɗanda ke nuna ƙungiyoyin aryl waɗanda ke haɗa juna ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa guda ɗaya, azaman ligands na chiral, tubalan ginin kayan, da magunguna.Amma yin biaryl motif tare da halayen ƙarfe-catalyzed, irin su Suzuki da Negishi cross-couplings, yawanci yana buƙatar matakai da yawa na roba don yin abokan haɗin gwiwa.Menene ƙari, waɗannan halayen ƙarfe-catalyzed suna raguwa lokacin yin manyan biaryls.Ƙwararrun ikon enzymes na haɓaka halayen, ƙungiyar da Alison RH Narayan na Jami'ar Michigan ke jagoranta sun yi amfani da juyin halitta don ƙirƙirar cytochrome P450 enzyme wanda ke gina kwayoyin biaryl ta hanyar haɗin gwiwar carbon-hydrogen mai ƙanshi.Enzyme yana auren kwayoyin kamshi don ƙirƙirar stereoisomer guda ɗaya a kusa da haɗin gwiwa tare da hana juyawa (an nuna).Masu binciken suna tunanin wannan hanyar biocatalytic na iya zama canjin burodi da man shanu don yin haɗin gwiwar biaryl (Nature 2022, DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04365-7).
RECIPE GA TERTIARY AMINES YA DOGARA DA DAN GISHIRI KADAN
Tsarin yana nuna martani wanda ke yin amines na manyan makarantu daga na sakandare.
Haɗuwa da ma'aunin ƙarfe masu fama da yunwar lantarki tare da amines masu arzikin lantarki yawanci suna kashe masu kara kuzari, don haka ba za a iya amfani da reagents na ƙarfe don gina amines na sakandare daga amines na sakandare ba.M. Christina White da abokan aiki a Jami'ar Illinois Urbana-Champaign sun fahimci cewa za su iya shawo kan wannan matsala idan sun ƙara wasu kayan yaji zuwa girke-girke na reactant.Ta hanyar canza amines na biyu zuwa gishirin ammonium, masanan sun gano za su iya amsa waɗannan mahadi tare da m olefins, oxidant, da kuma palladium sulfoxide catalyst don ƙirƙirar amines da yawa tare da ƙungiyoyin aiki iri-iri (misali da aka nuna).Masanan sun yi amfani da martanin don yin magungunan antipsychotic Abilify da Semap da kuma canza magungunan da ke wanzu waɗanda suke amines na biyu, irin su antidepressant Prozac, zuwa amines na jami'a, suna nuna yadda masanan ke iya yin sabbin magunguna daga cikin waɗanda suke (Kimiyya 2022, DOI: 10.1126/kimiyya.abn8382).
AZAARENES SAMUN KWANGIN KARSHEN KARFE
Tsarin yana nuna quinoline N-oxide wanda aka canza zuwa N-acylindole.
A wannan shekara masanan sunadarai sun ƙara zuwa rubutun gyaran kwayoyin halitta, wanda shine halayen da ke yin canje-canje ga ainihin kwayoyin halitta.A cikin misali ɗaya, masu bincike sun haɓaka canji wanda ke amfani da haske da acid don cire carbon guda ɗaya daga cikin azaarenes mai membobi shida a cikin quinoline N-oxides don samar da N-acylindoles tare da zoben membobi biyar (misali da aka nuna).Halin, wanda masana kemikal a ƙungiyar Mark D. Levin a Jami'ar Chicago suka kirkira, ya dogara ne akan wani abin da ya shafi fitilar mercury, wanda ke fitar da tsawon tsawon haske.Levin da abokan aiki sun gano cewa yin amfani da diode mai fitar da haske wanda ke fitar da haske a 390 nm ya ba su iko mafi kyau kuma ya ba su damar yin gabaɗayan amsawar quinoline N-oxides.Sabon abin da ya faru yana ba masu kera kwayoyin hanya don sake fasalin abubuwan hadaddun mahadi kuma zai iya taimakawa masanan magunguna da ke neman fadada dakunan karatu na masu neman magani (Kimiyya 2022, DOI: 10.1126/science.abo4282).
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-19-2022